Thursday, November 5, 2015

Analyzing Discourse in Sugar Cane: Stanza 6/6


60) One day Evelina’s son waved goodbye
61) and climbed on board a northbound train,
62) black angels guiding him invisibly.
63) In class he quoted a sentence from Jean Toomer:
64)“Time and space have no meaning in a canefield”
65) My father died last fall at eighty-one.
66) Love’s bitter, child, as often as it’s sweet
67) Mm-mm, I sure do have the blues
68) Baby, will you give me some sugar?

This final stanza brings the poem sugar full circle. The dichotomies of bitter/sweet, life/death, north/south, young/old are circumvented in the concluding stanza.

Jean Toomer's book, "Cane" is also cyclical. The sections of the book Cane is also marked with images of arcs, the first two sections are singular half arc, the third section, "Kabnis" is marked by two half arcs together forming a circle.  The third section of Toomer's "Cane" confronts life and death and the confrontation of the Southern past.

 Like in Toomer's "Cane" where the old man Kabnis assumably dies, here, the old man, the narrator's "father" dies old. Here, the dichotomy of age is present and still overcome through the preceding quote from Toomer's “Time and space have no meaning in a canefield.”  One could read this as, history is bound to repeat itself as long as we are all under the same hegemonic forces.  This old age is contrasted with youth.

In this last paragraph, Bubba, Evelina's son gains complete agency. Again, responding to the original epigraph from Wheatley, Corn writes in lines 61-62  that Bubba "climbed on board a northbound train,/black angels guiding him..." Here, it is not just the poems white narrator taking up the torch to tell the story of African-American history, but the actual desendents of African-Americans exploited by the American sugar companies and the society in all. Here, in line 64, it is not only Jean Toomer's voice, but also Bubba's voice, and the history.

It can be inferred that the invisible black angels are all the African-Americans who have come before him. Those in the previous stanza that succeeded in music, art, and business, such as those in the Sugar Hill region of New York City. 

"Love’s bitter, child, as often as it’s sweet/ Mm-mm, I sure do have the blues/ Baby, will you give me some sugar?"

I am however unsure what the last three lines of the poem are getting at. I seem to believe,  due to line 65 referring to what appears to be the narrators father, but that perhaps it is the narrator a) either addressing the reader. or perhaps b) the narrator addressing Shug. The narrator, says that love is bitter as much as it is sweet, and he says he is sad and he has the blues. HE then asks for sugar... ans this sort of boggles my mind. Is he asking for sugar as he is a white man and addicted to it? Is this the sugar as a drug we as a nation have come to depend on and use to handle that which we can not and do not want to confront.







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